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Download TinyCOBOL - A command-line compiler that was especially designed to be used with the COBOL programming language as it is based on the COBOL 85 standard. COBOL Source editing for Visual Studio Code. This extension was originally aimed at providing syntax highlighting for COBOL but overtime is has been extended to provide syntax highlighting for other related languages/file formats such JCL, PL/I and Micro Focus directive files and Micro Focus Unit Test Reports.
This extension was originally aimed at providing syntax highlighting for COBOL but overtime is has been extended to provide syntax highlighting for other related languages/file formats such JCL, PL/I and Micro Focus directive files and Micro Focus Unit Test Reports.
What can I expect from this extension
This extension is certainly not an Integrated Development Environment for COBOL. It does provide enough functionality for the casual developer to view, edit and compile source code (via tasks & problem matchers).
Does this extension include a language server protocol for COBOL
Visual Studio Code has two ways of providing language extensions, the first is provided by the use of a language server protocol and the second is via a set of Visual Studio Code APIs.
This extension uses the Visual Studio Code APIs because the Language Server Protocol did not exist when this extension was created.
What platform can it be used on?
Everywhere Visual Studio Code works.
Code colorization for COBOL, PL/I and JCL:
IntelliSense example:
Breadcrumb support:
Outline support:
Go to definition:
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Peek definition:
Keybindings
Keys | Description |
---|---|
ctrl+alt+p | Go to procedure division |
ctrl+alt+w | Go to working-storage section |
ctrl+alt+d | Go to data division (or working-storage section if not present) |
ctrl+alt+, | Go backwards to next section/division |
ctrl+alt+. | Go forward to next next section/division |
f12 or ctrl+click | Go to copybook/file |
ctrl+hover | Peek head of copybook or symbol/field |
right mouse/peek | Peek copybook without opening the file) |
Settings
- COBOL tab stops can be changed by editing the
coboleditor.tabstops
setting. - Extensions used for Go to copybook, can be changed by editing the
coboleditor.copybookexts
settings. - Directories used for Go to copybook, can be changed by editing the
coboleditor.copybookdirs
settings.
Tasks
Visual Studio code can be setup to build your COBOL source code.
Task: Using MsBuild
MsBuild based projects can be consumed as build task, allowing navigation to error/warnings when they occur.
Below is an example of build task that uses mycobolproject.sln.
Task: Single file compile using Micro Focus COBOL - ERRFORMAT(3)
The example below shows you how you can create a single task to compile one program using the cobol
command.
For Net Express/Server Express compilers use the '$mfcobol-errformat3-netx-sx' problem matcher as although the directive ERRFORMAT'3' is used, the compiler output error format is slightly different.
Task: Single file compile using Micro Focus COBOL - ERRFORMAT(2)
The example below shows you how you can create a single task to compile one program using the cobol
command.
For Net Express/Server Express compilers use the '$mfcobol-errformat2-netx-sx' problem matcher as although the directive ERRFORMAT'2' is used, the compiler output error format is slightly different.
Task: Single file compile using COBOL-IT
The example below shows you how you can create a single task to compile one program using the cobc
command.
Task: Single file compile using ACUCOBOL-GT
The example below shows you how you can create a single task to compile one program using the ccbl32
command.
Task: Breakdown of problem matchers
Product and Version | Tools | Problem matcher(s) |
---|---|---|
COBOL-IT | cobc | $cobolit-cobc |
COBOL-IT | cobc for errors/notes | $cobolit-error-cobc + $cobolit-note-cobc |
ACU-COBOLGT | ccbl for errors/warnings | $acucobol-ccbl + $acucobol-warning-ccbl |
Micro Focus COBOL Net Express/Server Express | cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'2' | $mfcobol-errformat2-netx-sx |
cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'2' for errors in copybooks | +mfcobol-errformat2-copybook-netx-sx | |
cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'3' | $mfcobol-errformat3-netx-sx | |
cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'3' for information | +mfcobol-errformat3-info | |
Micro Focus Visual COBOL/Enterprise Developer | msbuild | $mfcobol-msbuild |
cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'3' | $mfcobol-errformat3 | |
cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'3' / filename extract with PATH | $mfcobol-errformat3-basefn | |
cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'2' | $mfcobol-errformat2 | |
cob or cobol.exe + ERRFORMAT'2' for errors in copybooks | $mfcobol-errformat2-copybook |
NOTE: Problem matchers can be stacked in your task definition. It is recommended that any '-copybook', '-info', '-note' and similar problem matcher are included before problem matchers without this suffix.
Remote development using containers
If your main development is Micro Focus Visual COBOL/Enterprise Developer you may have access to base images that provide the compiler and its tools.
If you do, all that is required is another image that contains extra tools and a devcontainer.json to configure its use.
The following Dockerfile
is an example on how you can extend your existing base image with java configured, ant, git and lsb tools.
This example uses the SLES 15.1 base images using Visual COBOL 5.0.
You may need to tweak the FROM
clause in the Dockerfile and if you use a different platform or product version, the zypper
will also require a change too if a different platform is used (different commands eg: yum, microdnf etc.).
Dockerfile:
devcontainer.json:
Workspace Setup
Visual Studio Code workspaces are not 'projects' but do allow you keep your source in one place.
Things to consider:
- If you have copybooks, you should change the
coboleditor.copybookdirs
settings to setup where the extension can find your copybooks - If use the COPY verb with this extension, you may also need to adjust the
coboleditor.copybookexts
settings (json array). - If you want the extension to understand the contents of your copybook before you access it, then turn on the
coboleditor.parse_copybooks_for_references
settings (json array) to allow the extension to look inside the copybook references
COBOL Linter
The COBOL linter included with the extension performs two functions, the first function is to identify sections/paragraphs that are not used and the second is to apply any 'house' standards.
The section/parapgraph linter by default generates warning message but if you prefer the messages to be marked as information, you change the coboleditor.linter_mark_as_information
boolean setting, for example:
The house standards are applied to fields in various sections, each section is named and a rule defined as a regular expression to enforce.
For example to enforce all working-storage items must start with ws and local-storage ls, you can use:
Metadata caching location
Recommend use
By default the metadata caching is turned off but it can be turned on via the coboleditor.cache_metadata
setting.
This setting, allows you to specific where the metdata caching files are stored.
The recommendation setting for the metadata caching is the workspace
option. This setting creates a .vscode_cobol directory that contains all the metadata files within the workspace folder.
This directory should be excluded from source code control system.
Example configuration:
Advanced use
If the user wants to specific where the metdata caching directory is to be located, the user_defined_directory
setting can be used.
The user will also be required to set the coboleditor.cache_metadata_user_directory
setting to point to the directory on disk.
Each workspace is required to be in a seperate directory.
The user should avoid using a network based directory, as this will adversely affect performance.
For example:
Remember to create the directory structure, for example, on Linux:
and Windows:
In the above example, the environment variable HOME is expanded, on Windows ${HOME} is replaced with ${USERPROFILE} to allow a workspace to be portable between Windows, Linux and Mac OSX.
NOTE: The creation of the directory is left to developer, as specific permissions on the directory may be required.
Metadata caching 'storagepath' setting
In some versions of the extension the coboleditor.cache_metadata
had a storagepath
option. This option would store the metadata in an area located for the extension by vscode itself.
This at first seemed a reason thing todo but overtime issues with disk space creep and shared permissions on directories in hosted environments came to light and as the average user will not want to look inside vscode storagepath area to maintain the disk space or correct the permissions it was decided to removed it in favour of the above documented mechanisms.
Pre-Processor support for 'hidden' source code
Some pre-processor reference copybooks that are inserted into the code without using standard COBOL syntax.
These source files are often difficult to edit due this extension not knowing anything about these files.
In order to help this extension, a special style of comment can be inserted into the code that allows the extension to locate these extra copybooks.
For example, if your preprocessor includes the files Shared/foo.cbl OldCopyBooks/Shared/bar.cbl
, then you can use the following comment line.
The source-dependency names are separated by a space.
To enable this feature enable the scan_comments_for_hints
setting, for example:
The hint token can be configured by the coboleditor.scan_comment_copybook_token
setting, which has the default value set to source-dependency
.
It is recommended that the token name remain consistent in your source, otherwise it will make it hard for observers of your source to understand the code.
coboleditor.fileformat
When coboleditor.margin
is enabled extension will look for 'sourceformat' settings (json array) in the header of the source file itself.
However, if you need to tell the extension which file are which particular format, this can be achieved with coboleditor.fileformat
property.
For example, if you want all the files that match A*.cbl
to be fixed and every other *.cbl is free format, you can then use:
Handling code pages
The defaults embedded in the extension can be overwritten by either changing sessions at the user level in the settings json file or more efficiently, you change it just for the 'COBOL' files.
For example, to ensure you use utf8 for all you files use:
coboleditor.experimental_features
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Currently I have only one is active experimental feature and this is 'hover' support for known APIs.
This currently includes most of the Micro Focus COBOL Library API (CBL_) and a subset of ILE date APIs.
This can be activated by setting the flag coboleditor.experimental_features
in the preferences -> settings panel.
and looks like:
Scanning and caching
COBOL source code can be complex and enabling/disabling the caching will make the editor experience more responsive but will reduce the information available to the extension, which has an impact on features such as 'find all references', 'Go to definition'.
If you do not have caching enabled, my recommendation is to use 'file searches' to locate the required source information.
If 'cache_metadata' is enabled then navigating between source files becomes easier, if this is not a requirement then enabling is not a requirement!
Settings | Description of use |
---|---|
process_metadata_cache_on_start | Scan all files in the workspace and located copybooks |
cache_metadata != off | Caches data from scanned source, including entry-points & classes |
parse_copybooks_for_references | Scan for any copybooks when editing. Helps with 'Go to definition' and 'find all references. Does not require metadata caching enabled |
The metadata cache does not have to be created on workspace startup but can be created at will by using the 'COBOL: Process files in workspace for metadata' command.
The command 'COBOL: Clear metadata' can be used to remove the on-disk cache.
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Tips
If you find you are not getting any symbols in the outline view or the peek/goto definition functionality does not work, please check the
Output->COBOL
panel as it may give you a reason for this.For example the editor line limit has been surpassed or the file fails to be identified as a COBOL source file.
The colors in the editor can be changed on a per theme basis, for example:
Where comments is a token name, standard tokens can be found in the textmate documentation.
Useful tokens that are often changed are: comment.line.cobol.newpage, keyword.operator.
Complementary extensions
COBOL Language Dictionary - Code Spell Checker
Spell checking code is helpful but without specific support for the COBOL language it can be a painful experience, so in order to make it easier. I have produced a spell checker extension that has a the standard COBOL reserved words and keywords from various dialects such a Micro Focus COBOL and IBM Enterprise COBOL.
Spell checking can be enabled/disabled in your source code by using:
You can also ignore words in the code, for example:
Lastly, you use a regular expression, for example, to ignore words that contain a '-', you could use:
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Although this extension does not understand comments in COBOL source files, it can be made to by adding the following user setting:
Online resources
- Online communities
- Stack Overflow topics/tags:
- wikipedia
- standards
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Shortcuts
- [ALT] + [SHIFT] + [C]: Change to COBOL Syntax (default)
- [ALT] + [SHIFT] + [A]: Change to ACUCOBOL-GT Syntax
- [ALT] + [SHIFT] + [M]: Toggle margins (overrides user/workspace settings)
Contributors
I would like to thank the follow contributors for providing patches, fixes, kind words of wisdom and enhancements.
- Ted John of Berkshire, UK
- Kevin Abel of Lincoln, NE, USA
- Simon Sobisch of Germany
NOTE: Some of the above contributions have now been moved into the GnuCOBOL extension.
William M. Klein wrote:
> The Fujitsu V3 compiler was NOT for commercial use either.
>
> Well, actually, when it was first provided (in 1996 or so) it could
> be used for anything, but for the last decade or so it was explicitly
> posted with 'restrictions' saying that it was not for commercial use.
I received it (for free..) in 1996, as you noted. I developed a commercial
system with it using PowerCOBOL and it is running to this day.
Hp nc6400 video driver. (This, as Bill noted, did not violate the license at the time.)
Originally, Fujitsu marketed it into the vacuum created by the withdrawal of
support for Micro Focus Visoc, and I was one of the Micro Focus customers
who changed to Fujitsu at that time.
I found the product to be excellent and took out maintenance and updated as
new versions became available.
By the time version 5 arrived, it was a pretty good development environment,
although the IDE has always been 'primitive' compared to Eclipse or Visual
Studio.
It was in version 6 that everything turned to custard. Fujitsu (USA), later
to become Alchemy, decided that piracy was a major concern (I remain
unconvinced to this day; I was talking to a number of Fujitsu customers and
I never met one who was making illegal copies for supply to someone else;
for the most part, their user base was honest COBOL developers for whom not
having a backup put their businesses at risk..) and implemented an insane
system of registration using Casper on a remote server. Although this was
supposed to be helpful for users, inasmuch as the system would allow you 30
days to download and use a copy of the software if your main implementation
went down, the process involved was really unwieldy. For users outside the
continental USA where time differences matter and you can't just dial an
0800 number, it was frightening. What if the Casper server was down or
wouldn't recognise your registration? Added to that, the procedure for
transferring a licence to a different machine was just plain silly. (It
required a floppy disk..how long since you saw one of those..? :-))
There was unrest amongst the troops and I recall a heated debate in this
forum about the the new licensing. Fujitsu remained unmoved and impervious
and some of us, who actually loved the products and had been fiercely loyal
to them, started thinking about alternatives. (The ironic thng is that,
despite all the complicated rigmarole with Casper Registration, the whole
process is NOT secure, and copies of the software can be easily made by
determined and informed people. Alchemy should really revise this
registration system and make it fair and reasonable for rveryone concerned.
Modern technology and software innovation has overtaken the Neanderthal
mindset that dreamed up Casper.)
For me, nails started being hammered into the coffin when they revamped
their support and fired guys like Lee Unterreiner (who was one of the most
outstanding support people I have ever seen anywhere), as a cost-cutting
measure.
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The final nails went in when I found myself on a customer site to whom I
had recommended the products, and there were undocumented errors in the
software (PowerCOBOL), incoherent dialogs produced in pidgin English, and
the support was imbecilic. The process of getting support was pathetic and
unnecessarily convoluted, and when you finally got attended to, the person
was incompetent. They finally offered to go back to Japan on it and it would
take three weeks. As the client system needed to be operational in 5 days,
this was unacceptable. I worked day and night with the local team, under
extreme pressure, and we rewrote thousands of lines of PowerCOBOL into
NetCOBOL COM components and managed to achieve the target date, but I NEVER
want to be in that situation again. I felt betrayed and embarrassed because
I had recommended them. As a result, I cancelled my maintenance. (The
actual support was a joke and, by then I think we were on version 6 and the
upgrades weren't implementing anything noticeable.. it was like they ran
out of ideas.)
The interment came when I tried to buy their COBOL for .NET compiler and was
treated with rudeness and shabbiness. The attitude was'You're a small time
COBOL developer so you're not going anywhere. You have no options and we'll
deal with you when it suits us, on terms that suit us.' I don't know many
people for whom that would sit well, and for me it just meant an immediate
free download of C# and Visual Studio.
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It also indirectly led to the development of the PRIMA Migration Toolset
which is designed to help others get out from under, just as I did.
Every cloud has a silver lining .. :-).
I was hopeful that when Alchemy was announced it would be a new start and
things would be better.
Instead, I have heard from several sources that maintenance is still
dreadful (OK, hearsay is not evidence..) and now we find that all free and
Academic versions of the compiler have been pulled. (My search was fuitless
just like everybody else's and the Downloads section of the Alchemy site
requires prior registration (perfectly fair and reasonable), but there is no
indication that even if you do this you can get the free V3 compiler.
To be fair, the current Alchemy focus is on COBOL for .NET and the tools
designed to entice mainframe sites onto .NET, (like the appallingly named,
but apparently very useful, NEO-KICKS :-)) so I guess it is understandable
that they don't want to be supporting or dealing with enquiries on obsolete
versions of the NetCOBOL compiler. Nevertheless, they could have left
version 3 with a disclaimer and let people use it for experimentation or
even just having a look at COBOL. Maybe they figure the Open Source COBOL
movement has that covered..
It looks to me like a COBOL company that has no commitment to COBOL (except
maybe .NET COBOL)
If that is the case, then long term, I think the strategy is flawed.
Once people move to a platform like .NET (no matter which vehicle they
arrive in), they very soon start to realise the advantages of this approach.
Before too long it becomes apparent that COBOL and COBOL approaches are not
the best way to do things in this environment (even though you CAN use it),
and they simply move to more facile .NET languages.
It is also important to remember that neither Fujitsu nor Alchemy are
OBLIGED to offer a free compiler. Fujitsu did it to try and penetrate a
market that was dominated by Micro Focus. There was never any guarantee that
they would CONTINUE doing it.
Micro Focus offer a free version because they are a company committed to
COBOL and they realise that by making access to COBOL easy, it is good for
the long term future of their business. I admire them, but I don't think
that is where the future is.
I guess time will tell.. In the meantime there is a lesson here for all of
us: If a vendor offers something free it is probably worth getting hold of
it. Certainly, it is unlikely to leave you any worse off.. Don't just
assume it will always be there..
(I see this in the same way as the free C#/VB.Net/C++/VS express downloads
from Microsoft.. get it while you can; you don't know how long it will be
available for.. a change of management policy or an analyst decides the
marketing objective has been achieved and it could be pulled overnight..)
>
> Having said that, I couldn't find it anymore on the web either. I am
> watching this thread to see if anyone can still find it.
>
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I located a number of links to it but none of them worked. Alchemy is not
showing it or ANY free download that I could find..
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Pete.
--
'I used to write COBOL..now I can do anything.'